Are there ways that people can treat depression on their own?

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Dr. Kim Penberthy
University of Virginia

Dr. Penberthy attended Wake Forest University and obtained a bachelor’s degree in psychology and biology. She obtained a master’s degree in experimental psychology from Wake Forest University in 1992. Dr. Penberthy collaborated in research conducted at the UNC-Chapel Hill Center for Alcohol Studies, in the Medical School, and then at the Cancer Research Center at Duke University. She then completed her Ph.D. in Clinical psychology at VCU in Richmond , VA , working under the mentorship of Dr. Jim McCullough, the developer of CBASP, a proven effective treatment for chronic depression. She is still involved in CBASP research and education, and is on the national faculty for the CBASP National Training Program, Inc., which conducts national and international training for clinicians and physicians.

Dr. Penberthy completed her internship in clinical psychology at Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk , VA where she worked with Dr. Barbara Cubic, a trainee of Dr. A.T. Beck. Dr. Penberthy focused on CBT for eating disorders and had a concentration in Neuropsychology. She then completed her post-doctoral fellowship at UVA in the Department of Psychiatric Medicine in the Behavioral Medicine Center , where she collaborated on research regarding diabetes management and pediatric bowel disorders. She collaborated with the Digestive Center of Excellence to establish psychosocial patient care for those with GI disorders. In addition, she conducted independent research on the diagnosis of ADHD and has patented technology to effectively diagnose ADHD using a mathematical combination of EEG  and psychological data.

Dr. Penberthy was appointed Assistant Professor in 2001 and has remained on faculty at UVA. Dr. Penberthy currently has funding in ADHD research through the Carilion Biomedical Institute and was awarded a Young Investigator Award for Funding in Excellence in Science and Techology (FEST) for her ADHD research. She is also currently funded through the General Medical Education Innovations Grant for research investigating the assessment and training of  interpersonal and communication skills of resident physicians and the impact of these skills on patient satisfaction and outcome. Dr. Penberthy spends a majority of her research time as the clinical psychologist at the UVA CARE clinic, where she is mentored by Prof. Bankole Johnson and focuses her research on the placebo effects in clinical research as well as the learning curve and dose effects of CBT.  In addition, she provides CBT and assessment for addiction studies, and supervises two clinical psychology fellows as well as fourth year psychiatric medicine residents. She is also involved in smoking prevention research under the mentoring of Dr. Ming Li.  This research focuses on using CBT techniques to prevent smoking behavior in young adolescents.  Dr. Penberthy also teaches CBT and Interpersonal and Communication Skills and therapy to the psychiatric medicine residents, and spends time supervising PGYIII residents at the Outpatient Clinic at Northridge. She teaches CBT to child psychiatry fellows, teaches a small group class in Clinical Epidemiology to 2<sup>nd</sup> year medical students at UVA, and mentors a PGYII student. Finally, Dr. Penberthy sees her own clinical patients for treatment and specializes in CBT for comorbid depression and anxiety and substance use disorders. She also specializes in CBASP for patients with chronic depression.

Are there ways that people can treat depression on their own?

In this video series, Dr. Kim Penberthy discusses the many issues surrounding depression.

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Transcripts

Dr. Kim Penberthy: This is Dr. Kim Penberthy of the UVA Health System. I am going to talk now about treatment of depression.

Host: Are there ways that people can treat depression on their own?

Dr. Kim Penberthy: Well, for the milder forms of depression or a normal, what we would call a normal depression, a reaction to a loss or a trauma or something like that, often times, people can treat themselves and do this naturally by getting support from family, by reducing some of the other stress in their life, by doing pleasant things, trying to get out and force themselves to exercise or take a walk by keeping on, forcing themselves to work and get back and reengaged in life. Then again getting support from people. That can often be helpful but when it gets to a point that the depression is more severe than that and may start interfering with function, it's a little bit harder for people to do that on their own. The other thing that is pretty popular in the U.

S. and abroad has been for people to self medicate with things like St. John's Wort and we know from the research that, that can be effective for people who have mild to moderate symptoms of depression. Again, it's important to take a medication that you get even if you get it over the counter that you can tell is a good quality and has a substantial dosage to it that you can quantify, so you know what you are getting, but we know that in more moderate to severe forms of depression, the research shows that St. John's Wort does not work. There are some other natural medications that people take, but unfortunately, many of them can interact with the other medications you might be on. For instance, St. John's Wort can interact with contraception and make it ineffective, it can also interact with anti-depressants that you might be on and make them less effective. So I would suggest that before anyone takes over the counter medications even if they think they are safe, if they are herbals that they do check with their physician because it can have negative consequences that you wouldn't want.

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